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Concrete Block Calculator

A free concrete block estimator for cinder block and CMU walls — covering wall dimensions, block size (including standard three-core 8×8×16 units), per-square-foot block count, door and window deductions, mortar, waste, and optional cost in one workflow.

20 x 8 ft wall198 blocks

Calculate Your Concrete Blocks

Enter your CMU wall dimensions below. The block estimator adds multiple walls and deducts door and window openings for an accurate per-square-foot block count.

Unit:

Wall 1

Openings (Doors & Windows)

Block Size

Waste Allowance
10%

Industry standard is 5–10%. Increase for complex layouts or cuts.

Cost Estimation

Enable to enter local prices and see estimated cost.

Results

Blocks Needed

186

169 blocks + 10% waste

Total Wall Area

160

sq ft

Mortar (60 lb bags)

21

1.58 cu ft cement · 4.73 cu ft sand

Everything You Need to Estimate Materials

Built for DIYers and contractors who want accuracy without complexity.

Multi-Wall Calculator

Add multiple walls with different dimensions and get a combined total — no other tool does this.

Door & Window Deductions

Subtract openings from each wall so you only buy exactly what you need.

Mortar & Materials

Get mortar bags, cement, and sand estimates alongside your block count.

Cost Estimation

Enter your local prices and instantly see the total material cost.

Imperial & Metric

Switch between feet/inches and meters/centimeters with one click.

Waste Factor Built In

Adjustable waste allowance (default 10%) so you never run short.

How to Use This Concrete Block Calculator

Estimating concrete or cinder blocks for your project takes just three simple steps. No complex formulas or spreadsheets needed.

1

Enter Your Wall Dimensions

Input the length and height of each wall in feet or meters. Need multiple walls? Click "Add Another Wall" to calculate them all at once.

2

Add Door & Window Openings

For each wall, add doors or windows that need to be subtracted. The calculator deducts these openings from the wall area automatically.

3

Review Your Material List

Instantly see the total number of concrete blocks needed (with waste factor), mortar bags, cement, sand, and optional cost estimation.

How Many Concrete Blocks Do I Need?

The number of concrete blocks required for any wall depends on three core variables: the wall area, the block face area (including mortar joints), and a waste factor to account for cuts and breakage.

The fundamental formula is:

Blocks Needed = Wall Area ÷ (Block Length + Joint) × (Block Height + Joint)

A standard concrete masonry unit (CMU) in the United States measures 8 × 8 × 16 inches (nominal). The actual dimensions are 7⅝ × 7⅝ × 15⅝ inches, but when you add the standard ⅜-inch mortar joint, each block occupies an 8 × 16 inch area on the wall face — which is exactly 0.889 square feet, or 1.125 blocks per square foot.

For a typical 20 × 8 foot wall (160 sq ft):

160 sq ft ÷ 0.889 sq ft per block ≈ 180 blocks

Add 10% waste: 180 × 1.10 = 198 blocks

Always add a waste factor — 5% for simple rectangular walls, and 10–15% for walls with many openings or complex cuts. Running short of blocks mid-project means a separate trip to the supply yard, which can cost more in time and fuel than a few extra blocks.

Building a landscape retaining wall instead of a flat CMU block wall? The formula and materials are different — use the Retaining Wall Block Calculator to estimate wall blocks, cap blocks, and a compacted gravel base with drainage backfill.

Need grout volume for the cores instead of a block count? Use the block fill calculator to estimate cubic yards and pre-mix bags for filling CMU cells.

Standard Concrete Block Sizes

Concrete blocks (also called cinder blocks or CMU blocks) come in several standard sizes. The most common is the 8×8×16 standard block — a hollow three-core (3-cell) unit weighing roughly 35 pounds — used in residential and commercial CMU wall construction. Each standard block covers 0.889 square feet of wall face, or 1.125 blocks per square foot. Here's a reference table of common sizes:

Size (inches)Metric Equiv. (mm)Blocks per Sq FtCommon Use
8 × 8 × 16200 × 200 × 4001.125Standard walls, foundations
8 × 4 × 16200 × 100 × 4002.25Partition walls, garden walls
4 × 8 × 16100 × 200 × 4001.125Non-load bearing partitions
12 × 8 × 16300 × 200 × 4001.125Heavy-duty retaining walls

Note: the heavy-duty 12-inch CMU listed above is sized for thick load-bearing walls. Segmental landscape retaining walls use a different block shape with separate cap blocks, a compacted gravel base, and drainage backfill — none of which are part of this CMU table. For those projects, use the Retaining Wall Block Calculator instead of the standard CMU formula.

Mortar & Material Estimates

Mortar is the binding material between concrete blocks, and estimating it correctly prevents costly project delays. A standard 60-pound bag of premixed mortar covers approximately 9 standard 8×16 blocks when laid at the standard ⅜-inch joint thickness for both bed (horizontal) and head (vertical) joints — a field coverage rate that includes normal bedding waste.

For a project requiring 200 blocks, you'd need approximately 23 bags of mortar (200 ÷ 9, rounded up). Beyond premixed bags, you can also estimate the raw materials:

  • Cement: approximately 0.075 cubic feet per bag
  • Sand: approximately 0.225 cubic feet per bag

Our calculator computes mortar, cement, and sand alongside your block count. Need bag counts and a portland-lime-sand mix by mortar type? Use the block mortar calculator to plan exactly how many bags your wall needs.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many concrete blocks do I need per square foot?
For standard 8×8×16-inch blocks with ⅜-inch mortar joints, you need approximately 1.125 blocks per square foot of wall area. This means a 100 sq ft wall requires about 113 blocks before adding waste.
How many concrete blocks per square meter?
Using standard 200×200×400mm blocks with 10mm mortar joints, you need approximately 12.5 blocks per square meter. For a 10 m² wall, that's about 125 blocks before waste allowance.
How many blocks do I need for a 20×20 wall?
A 20×20-foot wall has 400 square feet. Using standard 8×8×16 blocks, you need approximately 450 blocks (400 × 1.125). With 10% waste, order about 495 blocks.
How much mortar do I need per concrete block?
One 60-pound bag of premixed mortar lays approximately 9 standard concrete blocks (both bed and head joints at ⅜-inch thickness, including bedding waste). For 100 blocks, you need about 12 bags.
What is the standard mortar joint thickness for concrete blocks?
The standard mortar joint thickness is ⅜ inch (9.5mm) in the United States. In metric countries, 10mm is the standard. This applies to both horizontal (bed) joints and vertical (head) joints.
What is the difference between a concrete block and a cinder block?
In modern construction, the terms are used interchangeably. Historically, "cinder blocks" were made with coal cinders as aggregate and were lighter, while "concrete blocks" used heavier Portland cement and aggregate. Today, virtually all blocks are concrete masonry units (CMU) — the term "cinder block" is simply a colloquial holdover.
Can I use this as a cinder block calculator or CMU block calculator?
Yes. Cinder block, concrete block, and CMU (concrete masonry unit) all describe the same standard units, so the same block estimator math applies — enter your wall dimensions and the block count, mortar, and cost results work for any of them.